//! Storage for gold standard assertions.
//!
//! Gold standards are stored at `{subject}\x00GS:{predicate}` with a secondary
//! index at `\x00GS_LIST:{subject}:{predicate}` for listing all gold standards.

use crate::{key_codec, KVStore, Result, StorageError};
use async_trait::async_trait;
use std::sync::Arc;
use stemedb_core::types::GoldStandard;
use tracing::{debug, instrument};

/// Storage trait for gold standard operations.
///
/// Provides operations for creating, reading, listing, and removing gold standards
/// that define ground truth for agent verification.
#[async_trait]
pub trait GoldStandardStore: Send + Sync {
    /// Store a gold standard.
    ///
    /// Key format: `GS:{subject}:{predicate}`
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// - `gs` - The gold standard to store
    async fn set_gold_standard(&self, gs: &GoldStandard) -> Result<()>;

    /// Get a gold standard by subject and predicate.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// - `subject` - Subject entity (e.g., "Earth")
    /// - `predicate` - Predicate (e.g., "has_shape")
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `Some(GoldStandard)` if found, `None` otherwise.
    async fn get_gold_standard(
        &self,
        subject: &str,
        predicate: &str,
    ) -> Result<Option<GoldStandard>>;

    /// List all gold standards.
    ///
    /// Returns all gold standards ordered by subject and predicate.
    async fn list_gold_standards(&self) -> Result<Vec<GoldStandard>>;

    /// Remove a gold standard.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// - `subject` - Subject entity
    /// - `predicate` - Predicate
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` if the gold standard was found and removed, `false` if not found.
    async fn remove_gold_standard(&self, subject: &str, predicate: &str) -> Result<bool>;
}

/// Generic implementation of `GoldStandardStore` backed by any `KVStore`.
pub struct GenericGoldStandardStore<S> {
    store: Arc<S>,
}

impl<S: KVStore> GenericGoldStandardStore<S> {
    /// Create a new gold standard store backed by the given KV store.
    pub fn new(store: Arc<S>) -> Self {
        Self { store }
    }
}

#[async_trait]
impl<S: KVStore + 'static> GoldStandardStore for GenericGoldStandardStore<S> {
    #[instrument(skip(self, gs), fields(subject = %gs.subject, predicate = %gs.predicate))]
    async fn set_gold_standard(&self, gs: &GoldStandard) -> Result<()> {
        let key = key_codec::gold_standard_key(&gs.subject, &gs.predicate);
        let list_key = key_codec::gs_list_key(&gs.subject, &gs.predicate);
        let serialized = stemedb_core::serde::serialize(gs)
            .map_err(|e| StorageError::Serialization(e.to_string()))?;

        // Write primary key
        self.store.put(&key, &serialized).await?;

        // Write secondary index for listing (empty value, just presence matters)
        self.store.put(&list_key, &[]).await?;

        debug!(
            subject = %gs.subject,
            predicate = %gs.predicate,
            assertion_hash = %hex::encode(gs.assertion_hash),
            "Stored gold standard"
        );

        Ok(())
    }

    #[instrument(skip(self), fields(subject = %subject, predicate = %predicate))]
    async fn get_gold_standard(
        &self,
        subject: &str,
        predicate: &str,
    ) -> Result<Option<GoldStandard>> {
        let key = key_codec::gold_standard_key(subject, predicate);

        match self.store.get(&key).await? {
            Some(data) => {
                let gs: GoldStandard = stemedb_core::serde::deserialize(&data)
                    .map_err(|e| StorageError::Serialization(e.to_string()))?;

                debug!(
                    subject = %subject,
                    predicate = %predicate,
                    expected_object = %gs.expected_object,
                    "Retrieved gold standard"
                );

                Ok(Some(gs))
            }
            None => {
                debug!(
                    subject = %subject,
                    predicate = %predicate,
                    "Gold standard not found"
                );
                Ok(None)
            }
        }
    }

    #[instrument(skip(self))]
    async fn list_gold_standards(&self) -> Result<Vec<GoldStandard>> {
        // Scan the GS_LIST secondary index
        let list_entries = self.store.scan_prefix(&key_codec::gs_list_scan_prefix()).await?;

        let mut gold_standards = Vec::new();
        for (list_key, _) in list_entries {
            // Extract subject and predicate from GS_LIST key: \x00GS_LIST:{subject}:{predicate}
            let tag = key_codec::extract_tag(&list_key);
            if let Some(suffix) = tag.strip_prefix(b"GS_LIST:") {
                if let Ok(suffix_str) = std::str::from_utf8(suffix) {
                    // Split by first colon to get subject and predicate
                    if let Some(colon_pos) = suffix_str.find(':') {
                        let subject = &suffix_str[..colon_pos];
                        let predicate = &suffix_str[colon_pos + 1..];

                        // Fetch the actual gold standard from the primary key
                        let key = key_codec::gold_standard_key(subject, predicate);
                        if let Some(data) = self.store.get(&key).await? {
                            match stemedb_core::serde::deserialize::<GoldStandard>(&data) {
                                Ok(gs) => gold_standards.push(gs),
                                Err(e) => {
                                    debug!(error = %e, subject = %subject, predicate = %predicate, "Skipping malformed gold standard");
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Sort by subject, then predicate for deterministic output
        gold_standards
            .sort_by(|a, b| a.subject.cmp(&b.subject).then_with(|| a.predicate.cmp(&b.predicate)));

        debug!(count = gold_standards.len(), "Listed gold standards");

        Ok(gold_standards)
    }

    #[instrument(skip(self), fields(subject = %subject, predicate = %predicate))]
    async fn remove_gold_standard(&self, subject: &str, predicate: &str) -> Result<bool> {
        let key = key_codec::gold_standard_key(subject, predicate);
        let list_key = key_codec::gs_list_key(subject, predicate);

        // Check if it exists first
        let exists = self.store.get(&key).await?.is_some();

        if exists {
            // Delete both primary key and secondary index
            self.store.delete(&key).await?;
            self.store.delete(&list_key).await?;
            debug!(
                subject = %subject,
                predicate = %predicate,
                "Removed gold standard"
            );
            Ok(true)
        } else {
            debug!(
                subject = %subject,
                predicate = %predicate,
                "Gold standard not found for removal"
            );
            Ok(false)
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::HybridStore;
    use stemedb_core::types::GoldStandard;

    fn create_gold_standard(subject: &str, predicate: &str, expected_object: &str) -> GoldStandard {
        GoldStandard::new(
            [42u8; 32],
            subject.to_string(),
            predicate.to_string(),
            expected_object.to_string(),
            1000,
            "admin".to_string(),
        )
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_set_and_get_gold_standard() {
        let store = Arc::new(HybridStore::open_temp().expect("store"));
        let gs_store = GenericGoldStandardStore::new(store);

        let gs = create_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape", "oblate_spheroid");
        gs_store.set_gold_standard(&gs).await.expect("set");

        let retrieved = gs_store
            .get_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape")
            .await
            .expect("get")
            .expect("should exist");

        assert_eq!(retrieved, gs);
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_get_nonexistent_gold_standard() {
        let store = Arc::new(HybridStore::open_temp().expect("store"));
        let gs_store = GenericGoldStandardStore::new(store);

        let result = gs_store.get_gold_standard("NonExistent", "predicate").await.expect("get");

        assert!(result.is_none());
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_list_gold_standards() {
        let store = Arc::new(HybridStore::open_temp().expect("store"));
        let gs_store = GenericGoldStandardStore::new(store);

        let gs1 = create_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape", "oblate_spheroid");
        let gs2 = create_gold_standard("Semaglutide", "treats_condition", "type_2_diabetes");
        let gs3 = create_gold_standard("Earth", "has_moon", "Luna");

        gs_store.set_gold_standard(&gs1).await.expect("set gs1");
        gs_store.set_gold_standard(&gs2).await.expect("set gs2");
        gs_store.set_gold_standard(&gs3).await.expect("set gs3");

        let list = gs_store.list_gold_standards().await.expect("list");

        assert_eq!(list.len(), 3);

        // Should be sorted by subject, then predicate
        assert_eq!(list[0].subject, "Earth");
        assert_eq!(list[0].predicate, "has_moon");
        assert_eq!(list[1].subject, "Earth");
        assert_eq!(list[1].predicate, "has_shape");
        assert_eq!(list[2].subject, "Semaglutide");
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_remove_gold_standard() {
        let store = Arc::new(HybridStore::open_temp().expect("store"));
        let gs_store = GenericGoldStandardStore::new(store);

        let gs = create_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape", "oblate_spheroid");
        gs_store.set_gold_standard(&gs).await.expect("set");

        // Verify it exists
        let retrieved = gs_store.get_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape").await.expect("get");
        assert!(retrieved.is_some());

        // Remove it
        let removed = gs_store.remove_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape").await.expect("remove");
        assert!(removed);

        // Verify it's gone
        let after_removal = gs_store.get_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape").await.expect("get");
        assert!(after_removal.is_none());
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_remove_nonexistent_gold_standard() {
        let store = Arc::new(HybridStore::open_temp().expect("store"));
        let gs_store = GenericGoldStandardStore::new(store);

        let removed =
            gs_store.remove_gold_standard("NonExistent", "predicate").await.expect("remove");
        assert!(!removed);
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_overwrite_gold_standard() {
        let store = Arc::new(HybridStore::open_temp().expect("store"));
        let gs_store = GenericGoldStandardStore::new(store);

        let gs1 = create_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape", "sphere");
        gs_store.set_gold_standard(&gs1).await.expect("set");

        // Overwrite with more accurate answer
        let gs2 = create_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape", "oblate_spheroid");
        gs_store.set_gold_standard(&gs2).await.expect("set");

        let retrieved = gs_store
            .get_gold_standard("Earth", "has_shape")
            .await
            .expect("get")
            .expect("should exist");

        assert_eq!(retrieved.expected_object, "oblate_spheroid");
    }
}