Implements the --show-claims feature requested by users who need to verify
extractors are working correctly and debug false negatives.
Changes:
- Add `claims: Option<Vec<ExtractedClaim>>` field to ScanResult
- Add `--show-claims` CLI flag to scan command
- Add `show_claims: bool` parameter to ScanArgs
- Populate claims in scanner when flag is set (sorted by file, then line)
- Display claims in all output formats:
* Table: New "Extracted Claims" section with concept/value/file/line/confidence
* JSON: Top-level `claims` array with full claim details
* Markdown: "## Extracted Claims" section with table
* SARIF: Informational-level results (level: "note") for IDE integration
User outcome:
- `aphoria scan . --show-claims` displays all claims (not just conflicts)
- Users can verify extractors detected their code patterns
- Users can debug false negatives by seeing what WAS extracted
- Builds trust through transparency
Quality:
- Zero breaking changes (opt-in flag, backward compatible)
- All tests passing (943 passed)
- Clippy clean (no warnings)
- Manual testing verified all 4 output formats
Addresses user feedback from /home/jml/Workspace/maxwell/.aphoria/.notes-for-aphoria-team
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>