# Task 01: Transport Trait

## Delivers

Define `Transport` trait with `send_segment` / `recv_segment` async methods and `WalSegmentPayload` (segment bytes + `WalSegmentId` header) in `tidal/src/replication/transport.rs`. The trait is the abstraction boundary between replication logic (phase-independent correctness) and network I/O (deployment-specific).

## Complexity: S

## Dependencies

- Phase 8.1 complete (WalSegmentId, ShardId)

## Technical Design

```rust
// tidal/src/replication/transport.rs

use crate::replication::{ShardId, WalSegmentId};
use async_trait::async_trait;

/// A WAL segment payload ready for transport.
///
/// Contains the segment's globally unique ID, the raw segment bytes
/// (already BLAKE3-checksummed by the WAL writer), and the count of
/// events for quick validation on the receiver side.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct WalSegmentPayload {
    pub id: WalSegmentId,
    pub bytes: bytes::Bytes,
    pub event_count: u64,
}

/// Transport abstraction for WAL segment shipping.
///
/// Implementations include:
/// - `InProcessTransport` (for testing, via tokio mpsc channels)
/// - Future: gRPC transport for production deployments
///
/// The trait is async to support both in-memory and network transports
/// without blocking the Tokio runtime.
#[async_trait]
pub trait Transport: Send + Sync + 'static {
    /// Send a WAL segment to a follower shard.
    ///
    /// Returns `Ok(())` when the segment is durably queued for delivery.
    /// Does NOT wait for the follower to apply the segment.
    async fn send_segment(
        &self,
        to_shard: ShardId,
        payload: WalSegmentPayload,
    ) -> Result<(), TransportError>;

    /// Receive the next WAL segment from a leader.
    ///
    /// Blocks until a segment is available. Returns `None` when the
    /// transport is closed (leader has shut down).
    async fn recv_segment(&self) -> Option<WalSegmentPayload>;

    /// Returns the ShardId this transport endpoint represents.
    fn local_shard(&self) -> ShardId;
}

#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
pub enum TransportError {
    #[error("peer shard {0} not registered")]
    UnknownPeer(ShardId),
    #[error("transport channel closed")]
    Closed,
    #[error("payload too large: {size} bytes > max {max}")]
    PayloadTooLarge { size: usize, max: usize },
}
```

## Acceptance Criteria

- [ ] `WalSegmentPayload` has `id: WalSegmentId`, `bytes: bytes::Bytes`, `event_count: u64`
- [ ] `Transport` trait has `send_segment` and `recv_segment` async methods
- [ ] `Transport: Send + Sync + 'static` (object-safe, can be used in `Arc<dyn Transport>`)
- [ ] `TransportError` covers `UnknownPeer`, `Closed`, `PayloadTooLarge`
- [ ] `cargo clippy -D warnings` and `cargo fmt` pass
