# Forage — Build Plan

## What We Are Proving

Each phase proves something specific. Do not build phase N+1 until phase N has proven its thesis.

| Phase | Proves | Delivers |
|-------|--------|----------|
| **P0** | The loop closes — signal in, re-rank out, observable in real time | Local server + seed data + Claude observes interactions |
| **P1** | Claude can discover content without the user browsing — reactions alone drive the loop | Autonomous discovery agent + browse-tasks API + source registry |
| **P2** | Semantic search works over content Forage finds on the real web | Embedding service + real web crawl |
| **P3** | The MAB sharpens — exploration items hit more often over time | Adaptive exploration budget, centroid tracking, exploration-hit instrumentation |
| **P4** | The surprise moment — cross-centroid discoveries emerge naturally | Multi-session preference evolution, intersection surfacing |

---

## Phase 0 — Close the Loop (MVP Demo)

**Goal:** A running demo where a user interacts with a local feed page, signals are posted by the page itself, and Claude's Chrome extension observes visible ranking shifts. No real web crawl. No real embeddings. Proves the feedback loop.

**What we build:**

### `forage-engine` (library crate)

The reusable core. Wraps tidalDB with the foraging-specific schema, seed corpus, MAB layer, and public API. This is what transfers to other applications.

```rust
pub struct ForageEngine { db: TidalDb }

impl ForageEngine {
    pub fn ephemeral() -> Result<Self>
    pub fn persistent(data_dir: &Path) -> Result<Self>
    pub fn seed_default_corpus(&self) -> Result<()>
    pub fn signal(&self, user: u64, item: u64, kind: SignalKind) -> Result<()>
    pub fn signal_dwell(&self, user: u64, item: u64, duration_ms: u64) -> Result<()>
    pub fn feed(&self, user: u64, limit: usize) -> Result<Vec<ForageItem>>
    pub fn all_items(&self) -> &[SeedItem]
    pub fn add_item(&self, item: ForageItemInput) -> Result<u64>  // P1
}
```

### `forage-server` (Axum binary)

A thin HTTP wrapper over `forage-engine`. Serves:

```
POST /signal    { user_id, item_id, signal_type, duration_ms? }
GET  /feed      ?user=X&limit=7
GET  /items     (all items, for page render)
GET  /          (serves the feed HTML page)
```

Runtime mode:
- Persistent by default (`~/.forage/data`)
- Optional `--ephemeral` mode for throwaway demo runs

Schema on startup:
- 100 seed items across 8 categories (tech, music, jazz, cooking, fitness, travel, science, literature)
- Each item: title, url (placeholder), category, source, reading_time, description
- Seeded RNG — same items every run, deterministic
- 3 pre-built users: `cold` (no signals), `explorer` (light signals), `convergent` (heavy signals in 2 categories)

Signal types registered:
- `view` — half-life 7d, AllTime + 24h windows
- `dwell` — half-life 3d (reading time is stronger signal than click)
- `save` — half-life 30d (strong intent)
- `skip` — half-life 1d (mild negative, decays fast)
- `share` — half-life 14d (strongest positive)

Ranking profiles:
- `forage_default` — personalized, 14% exploration (~1 in 7), max_per_category:2
- `forage_explore` — heavy exploration, weighted toward underexplored categories
- `forage_converge` — pure exploitation, no exploration

MAB layer (thin wrapper over tidalDB query):
```
candidate_pool = RETRIEVE items FOR USER @u USING PROFILE forage_default LIMIT 20
exploit = candidate_pool[0..6]  // top 6 by score
explore = candidate_pool filtered by (category_signal_count < 5) // pick 1 from underexplored
final = interleave(exploit, explore, ratio=0.14)  // ~1 in 7
```

Item labels returned in feed response:
- `"match"` — near a known centroid
- `"exploring"` — from exploration budget
- `"trending"` — high velocity regardless of personalization
- `"resurfaced"` — user had prior engagement, decayed, being re-checked

### Feed Page (`/`)

Static HTML + minimal JS. No framework.

- Grid of 7 item cards
- Each card: title, source, category chip, reading time, description, label badge
- Click card → `POST /signal {signal_type: "view"}`, open URL in new tab
- Hover for >3s → `POST /signal {signal_type: "dwell", duration_ms: N}`
- "Skip" button on card → `POST /signal {signal_type: "skip"}`
- "Save" button → `POST /signal {signal_type: "save"}`
- Auto-refresh feed every 5s (or on any signal write)
- Visual: ranking shift animation when feed re-orders

### What Claude Does in P0

Claude uses the Chrome extension **lightly** — as an observer, not a puppeteer. The feed page handles signal posting itself via JS `fetch()`. Claude's role:

1. `navigate` to `localhost:4242` — one call
2. `read_page` to snapshot the initial feed state — one call
3. Wait while a human (or scripted JS) interacts with the feed for 10+ interactions
4. `read_page` again to snapshot the final feed state — one call
5. Report: what categories dominated before vs. after, which exploration items appeared, how the labels shifted

Three MCP tool calls per session. That is the ceiling. The interesting loop — signal → re-rank → new feed — runs entirely in the browser without Claude's involvement. Claude observes the outcome, it does not produce it.

This is the demo. This is the proof-of-concept that makes the thesis visible.

**Deliverables:**
- `applications/forage/engine/` — `ForageEngine` library crate (tidalDB + MAB + schema)
- `applications/forage/server/` — thin Axum binary wrapping the engine
- `applications/forage/server/static/index.html` — feed page (plain HTML/JS, signals via fetch())
- CORS headers on the server so the feed page can post signals without browser errors

---

## Phase 1 — Autonomous Discovery Loop

**Goal:** Claude discovers content proactively. The user never browses. The loop closes entirely through reactions to what Claude finds.

**Thesis:** A personalized feed can be driven without the user visiting a single page. Claude browses on behalf of the user, Forage ranks what it finds, and the user's reactions (save/skip/dwell) teach Claude where to look next. The feedback signal is not visits — it is choices.

**The loop:**

```
Background task in forage-server
    ↓ emits browse-tasks (topics weighted by user preference + tag affinity, source list)
Claude (--chrome, persistent session)
    ↓ navigates sources → finds article links
    ↓ reads each article in full
    ↓ analyses: topics, entities, content type, summary, quality
    ↓ POST /capture with enriched metadata
forage-server
    ↓ stores rich metadata, fires view signals, broadcasts via SSE
Feed page (localhost:4242)
    ↓ shows enriched cards (tags, content type, entities, Claude summary) live
User reacts (save / skip / dwell)
    ↓ signals update preference vector AND tag affinity counters
Next browse-tasks call
    ↓ returns topics + tag weights → Claude targets specific subtopics next cycle
Loop repeats with higher precision
```

**Why Claude's enrichment matters here:**

A JavaScript content script extracts what the page declares about itself. Claude reads and understands what the page actually says. These are different things.

- `<meta name="description">` on a jazz article: *"The latest from Blue Note Records"*
- Claude's analysis: `topics: ["hard bop", "trumpet"], entities: ["Lee Morgan", "Blue Note"], content_type: "review", summary: "A career retrospective on Lee Morgan's 1960s Blue Note recordings, focusing on his development of the hard bop trumpet style."`

The preference model runs on Claude's output, not the page's self-description. This is what makes tag-level personalization possible before real embeddings arrive in P2.

---

### What we build

#### Source Registry (in `forage-engine`)

A hardcoded per-category list of seed URLs Claude can navigate to find articles. Each source is a page where the top-level links are articles (list pages, front pages, RSS-style feeds).

```
technology:  news.ycombinator.com, lobste.rs
science:     phys.org, news.ycombinator.com?q=science
jazz:        pitchfork.com/reviews/albums, allaboutjazz.com/news
travel:      theguardian.com/travel, cntraveler.com/latest-news
cooking:     seriouseats.com, bonappetit.com/recipe
design:      designobserver.com, dezeen.com/news
history:     historytoday.com, smithsonianmag.com/history
health:      health.harvard.edu/blog, theatlantic.com/health
```

`ForageEngine` gains:
```rust
pub fn browse_tasks(&self, user_id: u64, limit_per_topic: usize) -> BrowsePlan
```

`BrowsePlan` contains:
- `topics: Vec<BrowseTopic>` — ordered by preference weight + tag affinity, cold-start gets equal weight across all 8
- `limit_per_topic: usize` — how many articles to capture per source
- `should_run: bool` — false if last discovery was recent and feed has ≥5 items
- `tag_hints: Vec<String>` — top tags from saved/dwelled items the agent should bias toward within each topic (e.g. `["modal jazz", "improvisation"]` tells Claude to prefer theory-heavy jazz sources over jazz news)

#### `GET /browse-tasks` (forage-server)

Returns a `BrowsePlan` as JSON for user 1:
```json
{
  "should_run": true,
  "interval_minutes": 30,
  "limit_per_topic": 5,
  "tag_hints": ["modal jazz", "improvisation", "music theory"],
  "topics": [
    { "name": "jazz",       "priority": 0.72, "sources": ["pitchfork.com/reviews/albums", "allaboutjazz.com/news"] },
    { "name": "technology", "priority": 0.51, "sources": ["news.ycombinator.com", "lobste.rs"] },
    { "name": "science",    "priority": 0.28, "sources": ["phys.org"] }
  ]
}
```

`tag_hints` comes from the top tags across the user's positively-signaled items (save + dwell ≥15s). The agent uses these to bias which articles it chooses to read in depth within each source — skipping news roundups and prioritizing analysis pieces that match the hints.

Cold-start response: all 8 categories at equal `priority: 0.125`, 2 sources each, `tag_hints: []`.

#### `POST /discovery/heartbeat` (forage-server)

Agent calls this on every cycle start. Server records `agent_last_seen` timestamp. Used by feed page to show connection status.

#### `GET /discovery/status` (forage-server)

```json
{
  "agent_connected": true,
  "last_discovery_at": "2026-02-24T10:30:00Z",
  "items_found_last_run": 23,
  "next_run_in_minutes": 12
}
```

`agent_connected: true` when `agent_last_seen` is within the last 5 minutes.

#### Discovery state in `AppState`

```rust
pub struct DiscoveryState {
    pub last_discovery_at: Mutex<Option<std::time::Instant>>,
    pub agent_last_seen:   Mutex<Option<std::time::Instant>>,
    pub items_last_run:    Mutex<u32>,
}
```

Added to `AppState` alongside `engine` and `events`. Handlers update it; feed page polls it.

#### Feed page status indicator

A small status bar below the header:
- `●  Active — last run 4 min ago` (green dot) — `agent_connected: true`
- `○  Agent not connected` (grey dot) — no heartbeat in 5 min
- `⟳  Discovering...` (spinning) — between heartbeat and items appearing

#### Enriched capture payload

`ForageItemInput` and `POST /capture` gain Claude-specific fields:

```rust
pub struct ForageItemInput {
    pub url: String,
    pub title: String,
    pub source: String,
    pub category: String,
    pub reading_time_min: u32,
    pub description: String,
    // Claude-enriched fields (all optional; empty = not provided)
    pub tags: Vec<String>,       // specific subtopics: ["modal jazz", "music theory", "john coltrane"]
    pub entities: Vec<String>,   // named entities: ["John Coltrane", "Blue Note Records"]
    pub content_type: String,    // "analysis" | "news" | "tutorial" | "opinion" | "review" | "interview" | "research" | ""
    pub summary: String,         // Claude's 2-sentence summary of what the article actually says
}
```

All fields serialized into item metadata storage. `tags` stored as `"tags"` (comma-separated string) so existing metadata retrieval works without schema changes.

`CaptureReq` in `handlers.rs` gains the same optional fields with `#[serde(default)]`.

#### Tag affinity in `ForageEngine`

`top_tags(user_id, limit) -> Vec<String>` — scans metadata of positively-signaled items (save + strong dwell), splits the `"tags"` metadata field, returns the top-N by frequency. Used to populate `tag_hints` in `BrowsePlan`.

No schema changes to tidalDB. Tag affinity runs entirely over item metadata; the preference vector stays 8-dimensional and tracks category-level signal. Tags are a secondary signal that guides the agent's article selection within a source, not a replacement for the embedding.

#### Enriched feed cards

Feed cards gain three new display elements:
- **Tag chips** — top 3 tags from the item, rendered as small outlined badges below the description. Tap a tag → future feed cards filtered/boosted for that tag (stored as a `localStorage` tag preference that biases the next `/browse-tasks` call via a `?prefer_tags=` query param)
- **Content type badge** — right of the category chip, distinct color: `analysis` (blue), `tutorial` (green), `news` (grey), `opinion` (amber), `review` (purple)
- **Claude summary** — shown instead of the meta description when non-empty; clearly signals what Claude learned from reading, not what the page says about itself

#### The discovery agent prompt

A file at `applications/forage/agent.md` — the instruction set Claude runs with `--chrome`.

Core loop:
1. `GET localhost:4242/browse-tasks`
2. If `should_run: false` → wait `interval_minutes`, repeat from step 1
3. `POST localhost:4242/discovery/heartbeat`
4. For each topic (in priority order):
   - For each source URL:
     - Navigate to the source page
     - Find article links on the page (exclude nav, footer, sidebar links; prefer main content area)
     - **Select** up to `limit_per_topic` articles that appear relevant to `tag_hints` (if hints are present); prefer depth over breadth — analysis and tutorial pieces over news roundups
     - For each selected article:
       - Navigate to the article
       - **Read the full page text** (`get_page_text`)
       - **Analyse**:
         - `title` — headline (from `<h1>` if better than `<title>`)
         - `canonical_url` — from `<link rel="canonical">`
         - `reading_time_min` — word count ÷ 200, rounded up
         - `tags` — 2–5 specific subtopic tags, lowercase, singular nouns or short phrases (e.g. `"modal jazz"` not `"jazz"`)
         - `entities` — up to 5 named people, companies, technologies, or places central to the article
         - `content_type` — one of: `analysis`, `news`, `tutorial`, `opinion`, `review`, `interview`, `research`
         - `summary` — 2 sentences: what the article argues or reports, not what the site says about it
       - Skip if: title is empty, contains "Sign In" / "Subscribe" / "Login" / "Create Account", or URL is localhost / chrome://
       - `POST localhost:4242/capture` with all enriched fields
       - Wait 1–2 seconds (politeness)
5. Wait `interval_minutes` minutes
6. Repeat

**What Claude must NOT do:** summarise the meta description. The point is that Claude reads the article and describes what it actually contains. A meta description that says "Read our latest article on jazz" is useless. Claude's summary should say "Argues that Coltrane's 1965 transition to free jazz was less a rejection of hard bop than an extension of it into harmonic territory bebop had not explored."

#### Invocation

One shell script at repo root:
```bash
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# forage-discover.sh — start the Forage discovery agent
# Prerequisites: forage-server running at localhost:4242, claude CLI with --chrome support
claude --chrome "$(cat applications/forage/agent.md)"
```

User starts the system with two terminal tabs:
```bash
# Tab 1 — server
cargo run -p forage-server --manifest-path applications/forage/server/Cargo.toml

# Tab 2 — agent
./forage-discover.sh
```

Then opens `localhost:4242` and reacts.

---

### Edge cases

| Situation | Handled by |
|-----------|------------|
| Cold start (no prefs, no tags) | Equal weight all 8 categories, `tag_hints: []`, agent reads broadly |
| Agent not running | Feed shows "Agent not connected"; `should_run: true` stays set |
| Navigation 404 / timeout | Agent skips to next URL, cycle continues |
| Paywall / login page | Agent skips on title check ("Sign In", blank, "Subscribe") |
| Empty title | `POST /capture` returns 400; agent skips |
| Duplicate URL | `add_item` idempotent via FNV-1a; same ID, no duplicate; enrichment not re-written |
| Feed sparse (< 5 items) | `should_run: true` overrides interval immediately |
| Two agents running | Both browse; idempotent captures; harmless double coverage |
| Server restart | `last_discovery_at` resets to null; agent runs on next cycle |
| Prefs shift mid-cycle | Current cycle finishes with old plan; next call picks up new weights |
| Claude context grows | Agent processes one topic at a time, not all sources in one turn |
| Rate limit (HTTP 429) | Agent skips source, logs, continues to next |
| Article has no meta description | Agent uses first paragraph or derives from full read; summary field carries real content |
| Tags on first article in a new category | Tags come from Claude's reading, not from existing tag history; tag affinity starts building immediately |
| User taps tag chip on feed card | Stored as `localStorage` tag preference; next `/browse-tasks?prefer_tags=modal+jazz` biases hints |
| Item enrichment fails (Claude unsure) | Fields default to empty string / empty array; `POST /capture` still succeeds; card renders with basic metadata only |

---

### What this does NOT build

- A Chrome Web Store extension
- Server-push to Claude (server cannot initiate Claude actions; Claude polls)
- Per-user discovery (single user, user 1, as per multi-user scope constraint)
- Configurable source lists via UI (source registry is hardcoded for P1)

---

### Acceptance criteria

1. Two terminal commands start the full system: one for the server, one for the agent
2. Within 5 minutes of starting, the feed contains ≥10 real articles discovered by Claude
3. Items appear in the feed in real-time via SSE as Claude captures them (no manual refresh)
4. Feed page shows `●  Active` status while the agent is running
5. ≥80% of captured items have non-empty `tags`, `content_type`, and `summary` fields — Claude is analysing, not just extracting
6. At least one feed card's summary is observably different from and more informative than its meta description
7. After saving ≥5 items tagged `"modal jazz"`, the next `/browse-tasks` response includes `"modal jazz"` in `tag_hints`
8. After 20 user reactions (≥5 saves on jazz items), the next `/browse-tasks` response ranks jazz sources first
9. A navigation failure (404, timeout) during a discovery cycle does not crash the agent or the server
10. Re-running the agent after a server restart re-populates the feed within one cycle (items already in DB are not re-added)

---

## Phase 2 — Real Embeddings

**Goal:** Semantic search and similarity-based recommendations over content Forage actually finds.

**What changes:**

A thin embedding sidecar (separate process, any language):
```
POST /embed  { text: string } → { vector: f32[1536] }
```

Default: OpenAI `text-embedding-3-small`. Swappable. Forage calls this when writing new items.

The text embedded is now significantly richer than P0's title-only approach. With Claude's enrichment from P1 available, the embedder receives:
```
{title} — {summary}. Topics: {tags}. Entities: {entities}.
```
This embeds Claude's understanding of the article, not the page's self-description. The preference centroid that emerges is a semantic model of what the user actually engages with.

With real embeddings:
- `SearchBuilder::semantic("jazz theory")` works for real
- `SearchBuilder::similar_to(item_id)` produces genuine similarity
- Preference vectors actually mean something — they are in embedding space

The feed profile adds:
- `semantic_boost: 0.3` — items semantically near preference centroid score higher
- `similar_to_saved: true` — items near saved items get boosted

**Proves:** The preference vector is not just a signal frequency map — it is a semantic model of what the user cares about, queryable by meaning.

---

## Phase 3 — Adaptive MAB

**Goal:** The exploration budget adapts per-user based on their exploration-hit history.

**What changes:**

Track per-user: `exploration_hits` / `exploration_total` → hit rate.

```
if hit_rate > 0.5:  exploration_ratio = 0.25  (adventurous user)
if hit_rate < 0.2:  exploration_ratio = 0.10  (convergent user)
else:               exploration_ratio = 0.14  (default)
```

UCB1 bonus on underexplored categories:
```
ucb_bonus = sqrt(2 * ln(total_signals) / category_signal_count)
```
Categories with few signals get a score boost, naturally surfacing exploration candidates higher.

Instrumentation persists per-user exploration outcomes (`exploration_hits`, `exploration_total`) and feeds adaptation logic.

**Proves:** The MAB is not static noise — it learns the user's exploration tolerance and adjusts. Power users feel the system getting bolder with them.

---

## Phase 4 — The Surprise Moment

**Goal:** Cross-centroid discoveries emerge. Users find things at the intersection of two interests they did not know were related.

**What changes:**

Centroid intersection query:
```
centroids = top_2_active_centroids(user)
midpoint = (centroid_a.vector + centroid_b.vector) / 2
intersection_candidates = ANN(midpoint, limit=5)
inject 1 intersection candidate into every 7-item feed
label it: "bridge: {category_a} × {category_b}"
```

Over time, if intersection items hit consistently, they form a new centroid — the user's interests have genuinely merged into a new territory.

**Proves:** This is not a feature that could be added to a recommendation system after the fact. It is the natural consequence of having a semantic preference model that updates with the feedback loop. The "surprise moment" is an emergent property of the system working correctly.

---

## What We Are Not Building

- A Chrome extension we publish to the Chrome Web Store (P0 is Claude-driven, not user-installed)
- A mobile app
- Multi-user / server-hosted version (single user, local process)
- Content moderation, NSFW filtering, language filtering
- Payment, accounts, authentication
- A scraper that violates robots.txt or rate limits

---

## Phase 0 Acceptance Criteria

The P0 demo is complete when:

1. `cargo run -p forage-server --manifest-path applications/forage/server/Cargo.toml` starts a server at `localhost:4242`
2. The feed page loads with 7 items across ≥3 categories
3. A user generates 10+ signals from the feed page (mix of views, skips, saves) while Claude observes before/after state
4. After 10 signals, the feed has visibly shifted toward the signaled categories
5. At least 1 item in the feed is labeled `exploring` (from the exploration budget)
6. The signal-to-re-rank latency is < 200ms (measured by feed refresh after `POST /signal`)
7. A second user (`?user=2`) with no signals gets a different, more exploratory feed than a user with 20+ signals

If these 7 criteria are met, the loop is closed and the thesis is proven.